Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial developmental stage that encompasses significant physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes. This article explores the characteristics of adolescence, emphasizing the major transformations that occur during this period. The physical changes, such as growth spurts and puberty, lay the foundation for emotional and cognitive development, including the development of abstract thinking and self-identity. The work of key psychologists like Erik Erikson, Jean Piaget, and Lev Vygotsky has greatly contributed to our understanding of adolescence, highlighting its complexity and importance in shaping adult identity. The article also examines the challenges faced by adolescents, including emotional turmoil, peer pressure, and mental health concerns. Ultimately, understanding adolescence is essential for providing the necessary support to help individuals successfully navigate this transformative life stage.