Abstract
This article presents the opinions of domestic and foreign scholars on the scientific and theoretical foundations of developing lexical competence in Latin. Gaining lexical proficiency in Latin is a complex process with theoretical and scientific underpinnings. The main linguistic, cognitive, and pedagogical ideas that support successful Latin vocabulary learning are examined in this essay. The research looks at how Latin vocabulary might be methodically absorbed, drawing on linguistic ideas like structuralism, generative grammar, and cognitive linguistics. Furthermore, psycholinguistic elements such as associative learning, semantic mapping, and memory retention are essential for acquiring Latin vocabulary. Lexical competency is further improved by pedagogical strategies including the reading method, contextual learning, and the use of etymological connections. This research offers ideas for improving Latin vocabulary training and promoting a deeper comprehension of the language by combining these theoretical and scientific viewpoints.