Abstract
Lumbar disc herniation is one of the most common causes of low back pain and neurological impairment. Traditional surgical approaches to treat this condition often involve large incisions and prolonged recovery times. In recent years, endoscopic spine surgery has emerged as an innovative and minimally invasive alternative to traditional methods. This technique allows for the precise removal of herniated disc material through small incisions, minimizing tissue damage and accelerating the recovery process. The purpose of this article is to explore the effectiveness, safety, and clinical outcomes of endoscopic discectomy in treating lumbar disc herniation. A review of recent studies and clinical data reveals that endoscopic surgery offers significant advantages, including reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, fewer complications, and a faster return to normal activities. The procedure's ability to minimize trauma to surrounding tissues, combined with its high success rates, makes it an attractive option for patients seeking a less invasive approach to spine surgery. This article also discusses patient selection criteria, surgical techniques, and potential risks, concluding that endoscopic discectomy is an effective, safe, and promising treatment for lumbar disc herniation.