Abstract
Extremism and terrorism remain among the most serious threats to global peace and security in the 21st century. Various regions continue to face attacks that disrupt social stability and endanger civilian lives. In response, the international community has developed a range of strategies to counteract these phenomena. This article explores the global experience in combating extremism and terrorism, identifying effective approaches applied in different political and cultural contexts.The research addresses a notable gap in comparative analysis: while many nations have implemented counter-extremism measures, there is limited evaluation of their relative effectiveness. Through the examination of legal frameworks, socio-political initiatives, and the roles of international organizations such as the UN, OSCE, and SCO, the article assesses diverse responses to these challenges.Findings indicate that force-based approaches alone are insufficient. Successful models emphasize prevention through inclusive education, youth engagement, economic opportunity, and the promotion of tolerance. These factors reduce susceptibility to radical ideologies and help build societal resilience.The study’s implications are particularly relevant for countries like Uzbekistan, where adopting best practices from the international arena could strengthen national efforts. It highlights the importance of international cooperation and adaptive policy frameworks in confronting transnational threats.