Abstract
Water-saving irrigation methods are crucial for enhancing wheat productivity and maintaining soil health, addressing challenges like water scarcity and soil degradation. This article examines the impact of drip irrigation, subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), and precision irrigation on wheat growth and soil physical-chemical properties. Recent scientific advancements, such as real-time soil moisture monitoring using IoT (Internet of Things) sensors and artificial intelligence-based models for optimizing water use, have increased water use efficiency (WUE) by 20–30% and reduced soil salinization. Based on field trial data from 2021–2025, the study evaluates the effectiveness of these methods in increasing wheat yields by 15–20%, preserving soil organic matter, and reducing water losses. The article also discusses economic and technical barriers to adopting these technologies and proposes solutions for sustainable agriculture.