Abstract
The current standard of care for patients with end-stage renal disease (ERSD) is a kidney transplant or dialysis when a donor organ is not available. The goal of this review is to assess the potential of two of the most recent innovations in kidney transplant technology—the implantable bioartificial kidney (BAK) and kidney regeneration technology—in addressing the aforementioned problems related to kidney replacement for patients with ERSDA major limitation of the current technology is that both implantable BAK and kidney regeneration technology are still in preclinical stages, and thus their potential effects cannot be comprehensively generalized to human patients.